documents:csharp:code-002
C#でJSONを読み書きしてみる
2016/12/11
自分用メモ
下準備
参照にアセンブリ System.Runtime.Serialization を追加しておく。
クラスをJSONでシリアライズする
C#の属性でシリアライズするクラスやメンバーを明示する。“[DataContract]“や”[EnumMember]”、”[DataMember]”がそれ。
using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Collections; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; using System.Runtime.Serialization; namespace jsonparse { [DataContract] public enum jsonenum { [EnumMember] key1, [EnumMember] key2, [EnumMember] key3 }; [DataContract] public class jsonObject { [DataMember] public bool keyBool = true; [DataMember] public int keyInt = 360; [DataMember] public double keyDouble = 3.141592653; [DataMember] public string keyString = "this is json"; [DataMember] public jsonenum keyEnum = jsonenum.key2; [DataMember] public int[] keyArraryInt = new int[] { 10, 100, 100 }; [DataMember] public ArrayList keyArrayList = new ArrayList() { 1980, "abcd" }; [DataMember] public Hashtable keyHashtable = new Hashtable() { { "key100", 100 }, { "key200", 200 } }; } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { jsonObject json = new jsonObject(); DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(jsonObject)); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); js.WriteObject(ms, json); Encoding e = Encoding.UTF8; Console.WriteLine(e.GetString(ms.GetBuffer())); } } }
コンパイルして jsonparse.exe を作ったので実行してみる。
E:\work>jsonparse.exe {"keyArraryInt":[10,100,100],"keyArrayList":[1980,"abcd"],"keyBool":true,"keyDouble":3.141592653,"keyEnum":1,"keyHashtable":[{"Key":"key100","Value":100},{"Key":"key200","Value":200}],"keyInt":360,"keyString":"this is json"} E:\work>
出力されたJSONを JSON Pretty Linter - JSONの整形と構文チェック で整形するとこうなる。
出力されたJSON | 対応するjsonObjectのメンバ |
---|---|
{ "keyArraryInt": [ 10, 100, 100 ], "keyArrayList": [ 1980, "abcd" ], "keyBool": true, "keyDouble": 3.141592653, "keyEnum": 1, "keyHashtable": [ { "Key": "key100", "Value": 100 }, { "Key": "key200", "Value": 200 } ], "keyInt": 360, "keyString": "this is json" } | [DataMember] public int[] keyArraryInt = new int[] { 10, 100, 100 }; [DataMember] public ArrayList keyArrayList = new ArrayList() { 1980, "abcd" }; [DataMember] public bool keyBool = true; [DataMember] public double keyDouble = 3.141592653; [DataMember] public jsonenum keyEnum = jsonenum.key2; [DataMember] public Hashtable keyHashtable = new Hashtable() { { "key100", 100 }, { "key200", 200 } }; [DataMember] public int keyInt = 360; [DataMember] public string keyString = "this is json"; |
enum は JavaScript に無いので名称ではなく値で表現される。 値をしてしていない jsonenum はkey1~key3のメンバーに0~2が割り当てされている。 配列やリストは、要素の並びが正しく反映されている。
デシリアライズでJSONの内容をクラスに反映させる
入力サンプルのJSONコードを用意する。
- sample.json
{ "keyArraryInt": [ 5000, 200, 300 ], "keyArrayList": [ "ABCD", 2016 ], "keyBool": false, "keyDouble": 1.41421356, "keyEnum": 0, "keyHashtable": [ { "Key": "key300", "Value": 300 }, { "Key": "key500", "Value": 500 }, { "Key": "key800", "Value": 800 } ], "keyInt": 180, "keyString": "これはJSONですね" }
先のプログラムを書き換えてコンパイル、実行してみる。
using System; using System.IO; using System.Collections; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; using System.Runtime.Serialization; namespace jsonparse { [DataContract] public enum jsonenum { [EnumMember] key1, [EnumMember] key2, [EnumMember] key3 }; [DataContract] public class jsonObject { [DataMember] public bool keyBool = true; [DataMember] public int keyInt = 360; [DataMember] public double keyDouble = 3.141592653; [DataMember] public string keyString = "this is json"; [DataMember] public jsonenum keyEnum = jsonenum.key2; [DataMember] public int[] keyArraryInt = new int[] { 10, 100, 100 }; [DataMember] public ArrayList keyArrayList = new ArrayList() { 1980, "abcd" }; [DataMember] public Hashtable keyHashtable = new Hashtable() { { "key100", 100 }, { "key200", 200 } }; } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(jsonObject)); FileStream fs = new FileStream("sample.json", FileMode.Open); jsonObject json = (jsonObject)js.ReadObject(fs); fs.Close(); Console.WriteLine("keyBool = {0}", json.keyBool); Console.WriteLine("keyInt = {0}", json.keyInt); Console.WriteLine("keyDouble = {0}", json.keyDouble); Console.WriteLine("keyString = {0}", json.keyString); Console.WriteLine("keyEnum = {0}", json.keyEnum); Console.WriteLine("keyArrayInt = {0}", String.Join(", ", json.keyArraryInt)); Console.WriteLine("keyArrayList = {0}", String.Join(", ", json.keyArrayList.ToArray())); ArrayList sa = new ArrayList(); foreach(DictionaryEntry x in json.keyHashtable) { sa.Add(x.Key.ToString() + "->" + x.Value.ToString()); } Console.WriteLine("keyHashtable = {0}", String.Join(", ", sa.ToArray())); } } }
実行結果から、クラス jsonObject の初期値がJSONドキュメントで更新されていることが分かる。
C:\work>jsonparse.exe keyBool = False keyInt = 180 keyDouble = 1.41421356 keyString = これはJSONですね keyEnum = key1 keyArrayInt = 5000, 200, 300 keyArrayList = ABCD, 2016 keyHashtable = key800->800, key500->500, key300->300 C:\work>
JSONからNULLを入力してみる
もし入力にNULLが含まれる場合、デシリアライズするクラスはNULL許容するメンバで構成されている必要がある。
using System; using System.IO; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; using System.Runtime.Serialization; namespace jsonparse { [DataContract] public enum jsonenum { [EnumMember] key1, [EnumMember] key2, [EnumMember] key3 }; [DataContract] public class jsonObject { [DataMember] public bool? keyBool = true; [DataMember] public int? keyInt = 360; [DataMember] public double? keyDouble = 3.141592653; [DataMember] public string keyString = "this is json"; [DataMember] public jsonenum? keyEnum = jsonenum.key2; } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(jsonObject)); FileStream fs = new FileStream("sample.json", FileMode.Open); jsonObject json = (jsonObject)js.ReadObject(fs); fs.Close(); Console.WriteLine("keyBool = {0}", json.keyBool ); Console.WriteLine("keyInt = {0}", json.keyInt ); Console.WriteLine("keyDouble = {0}", json.keyDouble ); Console.WriteLine("keyString = {0}", json.keyString ); Console.WriteLine("keyEnum = {0}", json.keyEnum ); } } }
bool,int,double,enum で ”?”を付与しているのはNULL許容型の宣言。stringは元々NULLを許容している。 結果は以下の通り。
JSON入力 | 結果 |
---|---|
{ "keyBool": null, "keyInt": null, "keyDouble": null, "keyString": null, "keyEnum": null } | C:\work>jsonparse.exe keyBool = keyInt = keyDouble = keyString = keyEnum = C:\work> |
{ "keyBool": false, "keyInt": 270, "keyDouble": 2.77, "keyString": "This is a pen.", "keyEnum": 2 } | C:\work>jsonparse.exe keyBool = False keyInt = 270 keyDouble = 2.77 keyString = This is a pen. keyEnum = key3 C:\work> |
documents/csharp/code-002.txt · 最終更新: 2024/11/02 13:39 by k896951